We need to hear the stories of all the people who are part of the Truvada lawsuit. Any help in finding people willing to be interviewed would be much appreciated. Here are a handful of the stories that have been made public already.
December 20, 2023, a lawsuit was filed at the Superior Court of California in San Francisco against Gilead Pharmaceuticals by the Benton Law Firm of Dallas, Texas, on behalf of nineteen plaintiffs. Here is a summary of the lawsuit with minimal commentary. The text of the lawsuit can be found at the following link:
As we all know, Gilead is in hot water because they knew that TDF (“bad Truvada”) had serious safety flaws and that they were intentionally withholding a “safer” compound, TAF or “good Truvada,” over a course of ten years. Here are just a few nuggets from the lawsuit, followed by each plaintiff’s story.
The claims on which the lawsuit is based include Strict Products Liability, Negligence, Breach of Express Warranty, Breach of Implied Warranty, and Fraud and Concealment. Recall that the adverse effects common to Truvada include kidney failure, lactic acidosis, avascular necrosis, and osteoporosis so bad that patients experienced the loss of multiple teeth.
Here are the plaintiffs and their stories:
Plaintiff Kenneth Calhoun is a resident of the State of Tennessee. Mr. Calhoun was prescribed and ingested Gilead's antiretroviral medications Atripla and/or Truvada since 2006. As a result of taking Atripla and/or Truvada, Mr. Calhoun developed and suffers from avascular necrosis and tooth loss due to bone density disorder. Mr. Calhoun was unaware that his injuries were caused by Atripla and/or Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Calhoun similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead's wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff's ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Hunter Torbett is a resident of the State of Georgia. Mr. Torbett was prescribed and ingested Gilead's antiretroviral medication Truvada from 2018 to 2021. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Torbett developed and suffers from avascular necrosis. Mr. Torbett was was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within of the Plaintiff's ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Steven Strickberger is a resident of Riverside County, California. Mr. Strickberger was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from 2012 to 2018. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Strickberger developed and suffers from osteopenia. Mr. Strickberger was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Strickberger similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Artis Crandell is a resident of the State of Maryland. Ms. Crandell was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2014 to 2023. As a result of taking Truvada, Ms. Crandell developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease and tooth loss due to bone density disorder. Ms. Crandell was unaware that her injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of her injuries, she could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Ms. Crandell similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed her. Specifically, she did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of her resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor her medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of her injuries and she could not have readily discovered the facts of her claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff James Hughes is a resident of the State of New York. Mr. Hughes was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2004 to 2015. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Hughes developed and suffers from avascular necrosis and osteoporosis. Mr. Hughes was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Hughes similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Herman Roberts is a resident of the State of Florida. Mr. Roberts was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada since approximately 2010 to 2016. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Roberts developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease. Mr. Roberts was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Roberts similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Eva Holden is a resident of the State of Florida. Ms. Holden was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2005 to 2020. As a result of taking Truvada, Ms. Holden developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease. Ms. Holden was unaware that her injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of her injuries, she could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Ms. Holden similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed her. Specifically, she did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of her resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor her medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of her injuries and she could not have readily discovered the facts of her claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Thomas Henderson is a resident of San Francisco County, California. Mr. Henderson was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medications Atripla and/or Truvada from approximately 2004 to 2018. As a result of taking Atripla and/or Truvada, Mr. Henderson developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease and fractures due to bone density disorder. Mr. Henderson was unaware that his injuries were caused by Atripla and/or Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Henderson similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Krzysztof Krakowiak is a resident of the State of Illinois. Mr. Krakowiak was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2009 to 2017. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Krakowiak developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease and avascular necrosis. Mr. Krakowiak was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Krakowiak similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Michael Lassiter is a resident of the State of Illinois. Mr. Lassiter was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2009 to 2017. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Lassiter developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease and avascular necrosis. Mr. Lassiter was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Lassiter similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Gregory Swann is a resident of the State of Maryland. Mr. Swann was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2015 to 2017. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Swann developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease. Mr. Swann was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Swann similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Christine Everett is a resident of the State of Florida. Ms. Everett was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2010 to 2016. As a result of taking Truvada, Ms. Everett developed and suffers from bone loss and tooth loss due to bone density disorder. Ms. Everett was unaware that her injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of her injuries, she could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Ms. Everett similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed her. Specifically, she did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of her resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor her medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of her injuries and she could not have readily discovered the facts of her claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Michael Scarlett is a resident of the State of Colorado. Mr. Scarlett was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medications Viread and/or Truvada from approximately 2003 to 2013. As a result of taking Viread and/or Truvada, Mr. Scarlett developed and suffers from osteoporosis, avascular necrosis, fractures, and tooth loss due to bone density disorder. Mr. Scarlett was unaware that his injuries were caused by Viread and/or Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Scarlett similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Scott Palmer is a resident of the State of Utah. Mr. Palmer was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medications Atripla and/or Truvada from approximately 2004 to 2014. As a result of taking Atripla and/or Truvada, Mr. Palmer developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease and tooth loss due to bone density disorder. Mr. Palmer was unaware that his injuries were caused by Atripla and/or Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Palmer similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Evan Attwood is a resident of the State of North Carolina. Mr. Attwood was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2018 to 2020. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Attwood developed and suffers from osteoporosis and tooth loss due to bone density disorder. Mr. Attwood was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Attwood similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Daniel Vukelich is a resident of the State of Florida. Mr. Vukelich was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medications Atripla and/or Truvada since approximately 2010 to 2020. As a result of taking Atripla and/or Truvada, Mr. Vukelich developed and suffers from avascular necrosis. Mr. Vukelich was unaware that his injuries were caused by Atripla and/or Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Vukelich similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Patricia Harris is a resident of the State of New York. Ms. Harris was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Atripla from approximately 2006 to 2020. As a result of taking Atripla, Ms. Harris developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease and osteopenia. Ms. Harris was unaware that her injuries were caused by Atripla until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of her injuries, she could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Ms. Harris similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed her. Specifically, she did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of her resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor her medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of her injuries and she could not have readily discovered the facts of her claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Greg Laubach is a resident of the State of California. Mr. Laubach was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medication Truvada from approximately 2013 to 2021. As a result of taking Truvada, Mr. Laubach developed and suffers from osteoporosis. Mr. Laubach was unaware that his injuries were caused by Truvada until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of his injuries, he could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Mr. Laubach similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed him. Specifically, he did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of his resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor his medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of his injuries and he could not have readily discovered the facts of his claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
Plaintiff Donna Telford is a resident of the State of Arkansas. Ms. Telford was prescribed and ingested Gilead’s antiretroviral medications Truvada and/or Viread from approximately 2002 to 2019. As a result of taking Truvada and/or Viread, Ms. Telford developed and suffers from chronic kidney disease, avascular necrosis, and bone loss due to bone density disorder. Ms. Telford was unaware that her injuries were caused by Truvada and/or Viread until within two years of the filing of this complaint. Despite diligent investigation of the circumstances of her injuries, she could not have reasonably discovered facts supporting the causes of action herein within the applicable limitations period. Ms. Telford similarly did not know, nor have reason to suspect, that Defendant Gilead was withholding a TAF-based drug from the market that was a safer alternative drug to the ones prescribed her. Specifically, she did not suspect that Gilead purposefully withheld a safer design that would have eliminated or reduced the likelihood and/or extent of her resulting injuries. Neither Plaintiff nor her medical providers had any reason to suspect that Gilead’s wrongdoing was the cause of her injuries and she could not have readily discovered the facts of her claims. As a direct and proximate result of the Plaintiff’s ingestion of the TDF-based medications identified above, Plaintiff suffered damages that include, but are not limited to, pain, suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and pecuniary loss including past and future lost wages, health care bills, and other losses.
This lawsuit is just the latest in a series of lawsuits against Gilead. The total number of plaintiffs in these lawsuits, together with the class action lawsuit, now reaches 26,000. Given the crazy push to give PrEP to anyone that wants it, things are likely to get worse for Gilead before they get better. It’s time to stop the insanity.
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Reading about avascular necrosis is terrifying. Your bones are basically dying. Even though these lawsuits are against Gilead, at the heart of it is the idea that in 'HIV/AIDS', anything goes to suppress
or prevent 'HIV'. I suspect that given enough time Descovy will have its own nasty effects on physiology because normal human cells reverse transcribe.